Lobelia cardinalis
Named for its beautiful scarlet red flowers, which serve as an important source of nectar for hummingbirds and swallowtail butterflies, Perennial Lobelia, or Cardinal Flower, also produces a secondary compound known as 'lobeline,' which deters herbivores. Attractive flower spikes tower over deep, burgundy-bronze foliage. 'Queen Victoria' is longer-lived in the garden than the straight species. Great in the garden and works for wetland planting, as well. A fast grower and prolific self-seeder. Allowing the seeds to make good soil contact will give opportunity for the plant to colonize and continually replenish itself. Pairs well with daylilies, spiderwort, ligularia, and ferns.